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Garnets are a form of neosilicates and are created from the elements of calcium, manganese and iron. Besides these elements, other elements do occur including chromium and titanium. Garnets can be found in crystal form or in a grainy form.

Garnets are usually found as dodecahedral crystals, but are known also to form in trapezohedron habits. The crystalline structure is that of an isometric system, meaning they have three axes that are all equal in length and also considered perpendicular to one another.

Garnets are usually hard minerals with a hardness score of 7.5 to 8 on Moh’s hardness scale; however it should be noted, they can still crack easily and will break into sharp fragments.

Garnets are found in a wide variety of locations including Kenya, Sri Lanka, Thailand, Brazil, India, Madagascar, Canada and USA. In USA garnet has been obtained in Arizona, Colorado, Georgia, Idaho, New Hampshire, New Mexico, North Carolina, Pennsylvania, Utah, Florida, California and Virginia.

The majority of today's Garnet supplies come from Africa. Notable quantities of garnets have been also found in Czech Republic and Spain. The oranges and browns of Spessartite and Hessonite hail from Namibia and Sri Lanka.